The fungus nail plates in the legs is called onychomycosis. Initially, the infection affects the thumb, but as development spreads to others. The disease passes through different stages. The earlier the treatment was initiated, more easy to deal with the problem. Especially in relation to the nail of the thumb of the lower limb: it has a large bed and dimensions, therefore, the magnitude of the defeat, are significant.
The stage of onychomycosis
Fungus, the nail plates pass through several stages of development, for each of which are characteristic of certain symptoms. Distinguish such stages of the development of the disease:
- Initial. In this stage visible pathological deviations is not observed: the changes are carried to external nature. Nail the square in the fingers of the lower extremities lose the brightness. On the surface they appear white patches or streaks. In general, the nail looks healthy, the man did not feel pain or discomfort. If detected onychomycosis at this stage, it is very quick to get rid of it.
- Media, or progressive. Pathological is affected because the structure of the nail. The plaza acquires expressed in a yellowish hue, worn and broken. It also produces the bad odor that emanates from the affected foot.
- Running, or degenerative stage. It produces a profound defeat of the nails. In this case, the infection happens with the thumb on the rest. The entire surface of the surface of the nail is affected by fungus and peel off from the lodge, is loosened. The sick of the annoying itching. When they are pressed into the affected area occurs the pain and the feeling of ripple. Because of this, the patient can not wear closed toe shoes.
Degenerative stage of onychomycosis
In the third phase of development of the infectious process, it is possible the infection of the skin on the feet. In this case, to cure the fungus can only with the help of the therapy, which includes the use of local drugs and medications in the system of the action (tablets for oral administration).
Reasons for the development of the fungus in the toe of the leg
The main causes that trigger the development of onychomycosis, are:
- the process of palpation with the man, who is the bearer of the fungal infection;
- the neglect of the rules of hygiene;
- the use of an strange or narrow, not suitable for shoes of size;
- weakened immune system;
- visit to the house of baths, saunas, swimming pools or beauty salons, where you can use non-disinfected tools;
- the injury of the nail and the skin surrounding it;
- flat feet;
- long reception of antibiotics;
- hyperhidrosis (increased sweating in the area of the feet;
- the presence of endocrine disruptors or immune to injury;
- the violation in the system of the circulation of the blood, especially in patients of advanced age;
- varicose veins;
- diabetes mellitus.
The flat foot is one of the causes of onychomycosis
An important factor that increases the risk of developing onychomycosis of the third age. The people of the third age suffer from poor blood supply to the extremities, which also increases the risk of developing fungal infections. The causative agent of the disease enters into the nail or skin with infected objects or by contact with the company. The pathogen spreads quickly, grabbing the new plots. In subungual space fungus enters through damaged areas of the surface of the nail, or areas of the skin around it. The fungus spreads quickly, headed to the nail bed. The forward speed is above the speed of growth of the plate. Soon pathogenic microorganism reaches the target and causes changes in the structure of the nail. It is established that fungi, 3 times more likely to suffer men. Nails of the square surprised by these types of fungus as it exerts the action antifungal, to the south of salta and the yeast.
When to see a doctor?
Your doctor should first manifestations fungal defeat. Not worth ğsemántica to that arising out obvious signs of the disease: the formation of white patches and even a slight itching in the area stop should be the occasion to see a specialist – the mycologist or a dermatologist.
The diagnosis
The activities of diagnosis to detect the disease and of its state, are:
- the visual inspection of the nail plates;
- the extraction of a tissue sample of the affected nail;
- cultivation of mycobacteria study – the seeding obtained from a patient of a material in a breeding ground for the identification of the species of the microorganisms, it hit the nail.
In some cases, the specialist performs the differential diagnosis and distinguish onychomycosis from diseases such as lichen planus, psoriasis, keratoderma.
The treatment of fungal of the defeat of the nails in the initial phase of development
If the disease has been detected in the initial stage of dealing with it will be much easier. In this case, is usually sufficient the use of means of a local character, that bear directly on the fingernail of the affected finger. The duration of treatment depends on the state of the surface of the nail and can vary from two to four weeks. Any type of drugs that are designed for the treatment, even the light of the way fungal nails, must be appointed by the doctor.
Therapy execution of onychomycosis
When the heavy weight of the power of fungi, as well as in the case of the execution of the process of infection, it shows the comprehensive treatment. Necessarily prescribed anti-fungal action tool, if there are no contraindications. The patient is prescribed medication:
- The System of antibiotic in form of tablets. The active substance of the drug reaches the site of localization of the pathogenic microorganisms, and has a fungicidal action.
- The drug inhibits the development of stimulants of the disease and destroys them. The course of treatment and the dose determined by the attending physician. The tool causes adverse reactions.
- The drug has fungicidal effect. The substance accumulates progressively in layers from the surface of the nail, which allows you to destroy even the fungi, that are located at a sufficient depth.
Also when running the fungus nails are effective procedures that allow you to get rid of the infected part of the square. This can be done by means of:
- The surgical removal. This method is podawanie of the square acute surgical, unit of measure and the tearing of the cylinder head. After the operation is covered with a bandage. The surgical method traumatic and rarely used. Instead, they practice minimally invasive ways.
- The removal of the plate with the aid of chemicals, which contribute to early flaking affected nail. In this case, the problem of the plot treated by the solution , wait until the old medication to start working, and then take advantage of the tools that help you separate the nail plate.
- The laser treatment. It is a modern and painless method that will allow you to grow to get rid of fungal nail. The laser acts on the plate, as fast as possible by heating to high temperatures. The ray penetrates deep and stops pathogenic microorganisms. The method without the shedding of blood, and completely safe, as it does not cause burns.
When running, the phase of the onychomycosis will should respect and comply with the recommendations of your doctor, as well as the lack of adequate treatment and increases the risk of widespread of the defeat of the body of fungal infections.
Popular methods of
The treatment of fungus in the fingernail on the thumb of the legs can also be carried out in combination with methods of folk medicine. These methods are supplemental to and may not constitute the basis of the therapy. The most popular folk media are:
- The cream of onion. It is necessary to grind on a grater of some bulbs and attach it obtained the mass of the shocked nail. From top to secure the bandage. Leave 15-20 minutes, rinse well.
- The peroxide of hydrogen. Affected by the legs previously have in a dish with water so that the nails maximum smoothing. After removing the top layer of the plates. A piece of fair impregnated with hydrogen peroxide and the shelter of the phalanx of the finger surprised with the nail, grabbing direct the focus of the injury. Leave for 40-50 minutes. Repeat the procedure can be up to two times a day.
- The apple cider vinegar. It is important to use a natural product. Take 2 tablespoons of vinegar and add the same amount of vodka, and a tablespoon of glycerin. Through the composition of dip a swab of cotton and attach it to the uas in 15 minutes. Repeat 4 times a day.
Popular recipes help to relieve the severity of the symptoms of the disease and eliminate the discomfort, but are not able to destroy the pathogens of the disease.
The course of the disease and the characteristics of the therapy of nail fungus in children
Children onychomycosis is quite rare. The main cause of mild illness in force to complete the formation of the immunity. The symptoms of onychomycosis in children are:
- the loss of the plates of its natural pink color, the appearance of gray, white, or spots on the surface;
- irregularity and trochanter nail plates;
- the crumbling and brittleness of the nails;
- the redness and swelling of the skin that surrounds the nail of an infected toe of a child.
For the treatment of nail fungus in children typically only used medications for local application. If it is necessary, is prescribed and system tools. The safest options for the baby are of the capsule . Anti-fungal medicines by mouth should only be the doctor.
Characteristics of the treatment in patients who are pregnant and breastfeeding
In the case of a pregnancy of high risk of developing onychomycosis in the case above, the woman suffered from the disease and not permanently healed of his. This is related to the weakening of the immunity that occurs in the period of pregnancy. It is important to timely cure the fungus, as well as in severe cases, creates the risk of the adhesion of bacterial infection that threatens the health and of the mother and the fetus. Systemic medications during pregnancy can not be used, as they have a high degree of toxicity. During pregnancy and breastfeeding should use local medicines, but only those that are safe for the future mother and her baby. Them relate to sulphur-salicylic acid ointment, amicacola ointment.
The treatment of elderly patients
In older people the loss of the natural immunity of the age phenomenon, which creates an additional risk for the development of onychomycosis. In this case, the specialist is also manifested careful when choosing the means for the treatment of nail fungus of the plates. The system of the medication, if the illness lasts a year or more, as well as in the case of extensive lesions and calcifications of the changes of the nails.
Prevention measures
When the signs of fungus in the little finger or the thumb should immediately see a doctor. But you can take measures to prevent the development of this disease. You must comply with the following recommendations:
- wash the feet at least once a day;
- all the days erasing the socks and get clean;
- in case of excessive sweating, use deodorants special tool for the feet;
- wear suitable footwear, because of its size, should not be too narrow, should also be washed every day;
- only personal hygiene products, as well as the tools for manicure and pedicure;
- during the visit to the pool, the beach, the sauna to use the personal rubber shoes;
- wash your feet with soap and water after the visit to the pool, the restrooms, if necessary, to use pharmacies of the tool for prevention.
Fungus in the nails of the feet – a disease that is difficult of cure in the stage of progression. At the first symptoms, you should consult your doctor. The treatment depends on the stage of development of onychomycosis: initial, simply paris with topical medications in place when it is required in the system of antifungal of the tool.